美式英语和英式英语的区别！（史上最全解析）

【资料图】

之前英语君为大家整理了美式英语和英式英语的用词上的区别（具体戳：史上最全！英美式英语单词对照表：吐血整理！），今天英语君给大家整理了一个更加全面具体的美式英语和英式英语

1.Accent口音

It’s difficult to make clear distinctions between US and UK accents when there is such a wide variety of accents within both the US and UK. A Texan and a New Yorker are both Americans, but have very different accents. The same goes for British accents in London, Manchester and Glasgow.要区别清楚美式英语和英式英语是很困难的，因为美国和英国都各自有着各式各样的口音。德克萨斯人和纽约人都是美国人，但是他们的口音也是相当不同的。对于英式口音也一样，在伦敦、曼彻斯特和格拉斯哥的口音也是不一样的。

However, some very general distinctions can be made. Americans usually pronounce every “r” in a word, while the British tend to only pronounce the “r” when it’s the first letter of a word.然而，（美式英语和英式英语）也有一些一般的区别。美国人会读出单词里的每个“r”音，而英国人则倾向于只发单词中的第一个“r”音。

下面来看一下更加具象化的二者差异：

2.Spelling拼写

含义	美式英语	英式英语
颜色	color	colour
行为，态度	behavior	behaviour
剧院	theater	theatre
米，公尺	meter	metre
组织	organize	organise
旅行（过去式）	traveled	travelled

3.Vocabulary词汇

含义	美式英语	英式英语
公寓	apartment	flat
大学	college	university
剧院	theater	theatre
假期，休假	vacation	holiday
炸马铃薯片	chips	crisps
炸薯条	(french) fries	chips
电影院	the movies	the cinema
软饮料	soda / pop / coke / soft drink	soft drink / fizzy drink
软运动鞋	sneakers / tennis shoes	trainers
针织套衫	sweater	jumper
邮箱	mailbox	postbox
创可贴，石膏	band-aid	plaster
药店	drugstore	chemist’s
足球	soccer	football
饼干	cookie	biscuit

4.Grammar语法

Prepositions介词

The differences below are only a general rule. American speech has influenced Britain via pop culture, and vice versa. Therefore, some prepositional differences are not as pronounced as they once were.下面举例的区别只是一般规则。美国人的讲话方式通过流行文化影响到了英式英语，反之亦然。因此，有些介词上的区别并不是像它们曾经那样明显了。

中文	美式英语	英式英语
这周末我要去参加一个派对。	I’m going to a party on the weekend.	I’m going to a party at the weekend.
你圣诞节要做什么呢？	What are you doing on Christmas?	What are you doing at Christmas?
从周一到周五。	Monday through Friday.	Monday to Friday.
这跟其他人不一样。	It’s different from/than the others.	It’s different from/to the others.

5.Past Simple vs Present Perfect一般过去时和现在完成时

Americans tend to use the past simple when describing something that has recently occurred, while people in the UK are more likely to use the present perfect.美国人倾向于使用一般过去时去描述刚刚发生的事情，而英国人则更可能使用现在完成时来描述过去刚刚发生的事情。

中文	美式英语	英式英语
我吃太多了。	I ate too much.	I’ve eaten too much.
我去过商店了。	I went to the store.	I’ve been to the shop.
从周一到周五。	Monday through Friday.	Monday to Friday.
你拿到报纸了吗？	Did you get the newspaper?	Have you got the newspaper?

6.The past participle of getGet的过去分词区别

In the UK, “gotten” as the past participle of “get” is considered archaic and was abandoned long ago in favor of “got” .However, in the US people still use “gotten” as the past participle.在英国，用“gotten”作为“get”的过去分词形式是被认为很老派的，并且在很久之前就使用“got”来取代“gotten”了。然而，在美国，人们仍然使用“gotten”做为“get”的过去分词。

中文	美式英语	英式英语
得到	get — got — gotten	get — got — got
我还没有收到关于他的消息。	I haven’t gotten any news about him.	I’ve not got any news about him.

7.Collective nouns: singular or plural?集合名词：单数还是复数？

In British English, a collective noun (like committee, government, team, etc.) can be either singular or plural, but more often tends toward plural, emphasizing the members of the group. Collective nouns in the US, by comparison, are always singular, emphasizing the group as one whole entity.在英式英语中，集合名词（比如committee, government, team等等）作为单数和复数都是可以的，不过更多的情况下往往是倾向于复数，用来强调小组里的成员们。相比之下，在美国，集合名词总是单数形式，强调群体作为一个整体。

中文	美式英语	英式英语
政府在这次危机期间做了它能做的一切。	The government is doing everything it can during this crisis.	The government are doing everything they can during this crisis.
我的队伍赢了。	My team is winning.	My team are winning.

8.Regular or irregular verbs?规则动词和不规则动词

This is a subtle difference that can be easily overlooked in speech, but is much more apparent in written form. Many verbs that are irregular in the preterite in Britain (leapt, dreamt, burnt, learnt) have been made regular in America (leaped, dreamed, burned, learned).在口语中，规则动词和不规则动词的微妙区别是很容易被忽视的，不过在书面形式中会比较明显。许多动词在英国的过去时态中是不规则的（leapt, dreamt, burnt, learnt），到了美国就是规则动词了（leaped, dreamed, burned, learned）。

作为全球最常讲的第二语言，英语应该是一个很灵活的语言。毕竟，它不仅仅是在只在美国和英国两个国家使用的。所以，不论你使用的是美式英语还是英式英语，都不会妨碍你跟其他人进行交流。